Pra Rancangan Pabrik Asam Nitrat dari Natrium Nitrat dan Asam Sulfat Kapasitas 7000 Ton/Tahun

Ahmad, Sulaiman (2022) Pra Rancangan Pabrik Asam Nitrat dari Natrium Nitrat dan Asam Sulfat Kapasitas 7000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali Cilacap.

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Abstract

Pra rancangan pabrik asam nitrat dari natrium nitrat dan asam sulfat dengan kapasitas 7000 Ton per Tahun akan didirikan di Cikarang, Bekasi. Pabrik akan beroperasi selama 24 jam perhari dan 330 hari pertahun. Bentuk perusahaan adalah PT (Perseroan Terbatas) dengan struktur organisasi line and staff. Adapun sistem kerja karyawan berdasarkan pembagian jam kerja yang terdiri dari karyawan shift dan non shift. Asam nitrat mempunyai rumus molekul HNO3 dan berat molekul 63,02 g/mol. Asam nitrat digunakan sebagai bahan obat-obatan, pewarna, serat sintetis, insektisida, fungisida, industri pupuk dan juga dapat dipakai untuk memisahkan campuran emas dan perak karena bersifat meluruhkan perah, selain itu asam nitrat dapat digunakan sebagai bahan peledak atau trinitrotoluene (TNT). Dalam pembuatan asam nitrat dipilih menggunakan proses retort. Proses Retort menggunakan bahan baku natrium nitrat (96%) dan asam sulfat (93%). Prinsip kerja pembuatan asam nitrat dari natrium nitrat dan asam sulfat ini adalah persiapan bahan baku berupa natrium nitrat (NaNO3) dan asam sulfat (H¬2SO4), proses pembuatan asam nitrat, dan pemurnian produk. Pendirian pabrik asam nitrat ini bertujuan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan asam nitrat di indonesia. Perhitungan neraca massa dan panas alat yang diperoleh tidak ada selisih massa atau enenrgi yang masuk dan massa atau energi yang keluar, maka neraca masa berlangsung secara kontinyu, dengan kondisi nerasa panas dalam keadaan setimbang dalam arti tidak ada massa dan panas yang hilang. Dari evaluasi ekoonomi diperoleh, modal awal keseluruhan Rp 129.944.139.915, keuntungan yang didapatkan setiap tahun sebelum pajak Rp. 71.209.065.938 dan keuntungan yang diperoleh setelah pajak Rp 49.846.346.157 dengan pajak sebesar (30%) modal kembali 6,2 tahun.
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Pre-designed nitric acid plant of sodium nitrate and sulfuric acid with a capacity of 7000 tons per year will be established in Cikarang, Bekasi. The plant will operate for 24 hours per day and 330 days per year. The form of the company is a PT (Limited Liability Company) with a line and staff organizational structure. The employee work system is based on the division of working hours consisting of shift and non-shift employees. Nitric acid has the molecular formula HNO3 and a molecular weight of 63.02 g/mol. Nitric acid is used as a material for medicines, dyes, synthetic fibers, insecticides, fungicides, fertilizer industry and can also be used to separate a mixture of gold and silver because it is dairy-shedding, besides nitric acid can be used as an explosive or trinitrotoluene (TNT). In the manufacture of nitric acid is selected using the retort process. The Retort process uses raw materials of sodium nitrate (96%) and sulfuric acid (93%). The working principle of making nitric acid from sodium nitrate and sulfuric acid is the preparation of raw materials in the form of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) and sulfuric acid (H¬2SO4), the process of making nitric acid, and refining products. The establishment of this nitric acid plant aims to meet the needs of nitric acid in Indonesia. The calculation of the balance of mass and heat of the tool obtained there is no difference in mass or energy entering and mass or energy coming out, then the balance of time takes place continuously, with the condition that the heat is in an equilibrium state in the sense that no mass and heat are lost. From the economic evaluation obtained, the overall initial capital of Rp. 129,944,139,915, the amountobtained annually before tax is Rp. 71,209,065,938 and the profit obtained after tax is Rp. 49,846,346,157 with a tax of (30%) modal back 6.2 years.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Asam nitrat, Natrium nitrat, Asam sulfat
Subjects: T Technology > T Technology (General)
T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions: Fakultas Teknologi Industri (FTI) > Prodi Teknik Kimia (TKIM)
Depositing User: Teguh Wibowo
Date Deposited: 30 Oct 2023 08:11
Last Modified: 30 Oct 2023 08:11
URI: http://eprints.unugha.ac.id/id/eprint/63

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